G4Threading.hh

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//
// $Id$
//
// ---------------------------------------------------------------
// GEANT 4 class header file
//
// Class Description:
//
// This file defines types and macros used to expose Geant4 threading model.

// ---------------------------------------------------------------
// Author: Andrea Dotti (15 Feb 2013): First Implementation
// ---------------------------------------------------------------
#ifndef G4Threading_hh
#define G4Threading_hh

#include "G4Types.hh"

#include <chrono>
#include <thread>
#include <mutex>
#include <condition_variable>
#include <future>
#include <vector>

// Macro to put current thread to sleep
//
#define G4THREADSLEEP(tick) \
    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds( tick ))

// will be used in the future when migrating threading to task-based style
//template <typename _Tp> using G4Future = std::future<_Tp>;
//template <typename _Tp> using G4SharedFuture = std::shared_future<_Tp>;
//template <typename _Tp> using G4Promise = std::promise<_Tp>;

//
//          NOTE ON GEANT4 SERIAL BUILDS AND MUTEX/UNIQUE_LOCK
//          ==================================================
//
// G4Mutex and G4RecursiveMutex are always C++11 std::mutex types
// however, in serial mode, using G4MUTEXLOCK and G4MUTEXUNLOCK on these
// types has no effect -- i.e. the mutexes are not actually locked or unlocked
//
// Additionally, when a G4Mutex or G4RecursiveMutex is used with G4AutoLock
// and G4RecursiveAutoLock, respectively, these classes also suppressing
// the locking and unlocking of the mutex. Regardless of the build type,
// G4AutoLock and G4RecursiveAutoLock inherit from std::unique_lock<std::mutex>
// and std::unique_lock<std::recursive_mutex>, respectively. This means
// that in situations (such as is needed by the analysis category), the
// G4AutoLock and G4RecursiveAutoLock can be passed to functions requesting
// a std::unique_lock. Within these functions, since std::unique_lock
// member functions are not virtual, they will not retain the dummy locking
// and unlocking behavior
// --> An example of this behavior can be found in G4AutoLock.hh
//
//  Jonathan R. Madsen (February 21, 2018)
//

// global mutex types
typedef std::mutex G4Mutex;
typedef std::recursive_mutex G4RecursiveMutex;

// mutex macros
#define G4MUTEX_INITIALIZER {}
#define G4MUTEXINIT(mutex) ;;
#define G4MUTEXDESTROY(mutex) ;;

// static functions: get_id(), sleep_for(...), sleep_until(...), yield(),
namespace G4ThisThread { using namespace std::this_thread; }

// will be used in the future when migrating threading to task-based style
// and are currently used in unit tests
template <typename _Tp> using G4Promise = std::promise<_Tp>;
template <typename _Tp> using G4Future = std::future<_Tp>;
template <typename _Tp> using G4SharedFuture = std::shared_future<_Tp>;

// Some useful types
typedef void* G4ThreadFunReturnType;
typedef void* G4ThreadFunArgType;
typedef G4int (*thread_lock)(G4Mutex*);
typedef G4int (*thread_unlock)(G4Mutex*);

// Helper function for getting a unique static mutex for a specific
// class or type
// Usage example:
//    a template class "G4Cache<T>" that required a static
//    mutex for specific to type T:
//      G4AutoLock l(G4TypeMutex<G4Cache<T>>());
template <typename _Tp>
G4Mutex& G4TypeMutex(const unsigned int& _n = 0)
{
    static G4Mutex* _mutex = new G4Mutex();
    if(_n == 0)
        return *_mutex;

    static std::vector<G4Mutex*> _mutexes;
    if(_n > _mutexes.size())
        _mutexes.resize(_n, nullptr);
    if(!_mutexes[_n])
        _mutexes[_n] = new G4Mutex();
    return *(_mutexes[_n-1]);
}

// Helper function for getting a unique static recursive_mutex for a 
// specific class or type
// Usage example:
//    a template class "G4Cache<T>" that required a static
//    recursive_mutex for specific to type T:
//      G4RecursiveAutoLock l(G4TypeRecursiveMutex<G4Cache<T>>());
template <typename _Tp>
G4RecursiveMutex& G4TypeRecursiveMutex(const unsigned int& _n = 0)
{
    static G4RecursiveMutex* _mutex = new G4RecursiveMutex();
    if(_n == 0)
        return *(_mutex);

    static std::vector<G4RecursiveMutex*> _mutexes;
    if(_n > _mutexes.size())
        _mutexes.resize(_n, nullptr);
    if(!_mutexes[_n])
        _mutexes[_n] = new G4RecursiveMutex();
    return *(_mutexes[_n-1]);
}

#if defined(G4MULTITHREADED)
    //==========================================
    // G4MULTITHREADED is ON - threading enabled
    //==========================================

    // global thread types
    typedef std::thread G4Thread;
    typedef std::thread::native_handle_type G4NativeThread;

    // mutex macros
    #define G4MUTEXLOCK(mutex) { (mutex)->lock(); }
    #define G4MUTEXUNLOCK(mutex) { (mutex)->unlock(); }

    // Macro to join thread
    #define G4THREADJOIN(worker) (worker).join()

    // std::thread::id does not cast to integer
    typedef std::thread::id G4Pid_t;

    // Instead of previous macro taking one argument, define function taking
    // unlimited arguments
    template <typename _Worker, typename _Func, typename... _Args>
    void G4THREADCREATE(_Worker*& worker, _Func func, _Args... args)
    {
        *worker = G4Thread(func, std::forward<_Args>(args)...);
    }

    // Conditions
    //
    // See G4MTRunManager for example on how to use these
    //
    typedef std::condition_variable G4Condition;
    #define G4CONDITION_INITIALIZER {}
    #define G4CONDITIONWAIT(cond, lock) (cond)->wait(*lock);
    #define G4CONDITIONWAITLAMBDA(cond, lock, lambda) (cond)->wait(*lock, lambda);
    #define G4CONDITIONBROADCAST(cond) (cond)->notify_all();
    //
    // we don't define above globally so single-threaded code does not get
    // caught in condition with no other thread to wake it up
    //

#else  
    //==========================================
    // G4MULTITHREADED is OFF - Sequential build
    //==========================================

    // implement a dummy thread class that acts like a thread
    class G4DummyThread
    {
    public:
        typedef G4int                   native_handle_type;
        typedef std::thread::id         id;

    public:
        // does nothing
        G4DummyThread()
        { }
        // a std::thread-like constructor that execute upon construction
        template <typename _Func, typename... _Args>
        G4DummyThread(_Func func, _Args&&... _args)
        {
            func(std::forward<_Args>(_args)...);
        }

    public:
        native_handle_type native_handle() const { return native_handle_type(); }
        bool joinable() const { return true; }
        id get_id() const noexcept { return std::this_thread::get_id(); }
        void swap(G4DummyThread&) { }
        void join() { }
        void detach() { }

    public:
        static unsigned int hardware_concurrency() noexcept
        {
            return std::thread::hardware_concurrency();
        }
    };

    // global thread types
    typedef G4DummyThread G4Thread;
    typedef G4DummyThread::native_handle_type G4NativeThread;

    // mutex macros
    #define G4MUTEXLOCK(mutex) ;;
    #define G4MUTEXUNLOCK(mutex) ;;

    // Macro to join thread
    #define G4THREADJOIN(worker) ;;

    typedef G4int G4Pid_t;

    // Instead of previous macro taking one argument, define function taking
    // unlimited arguments
    template <typename _Worker, typename _Func, typename... _Args>
    void G4THREADCREATE(_Worker*& worker, _Func func, _Args... args)
    {
        *worker = G4Thread(func, std::forward<_Args>(args)...);
    }

    typedef G4int G4Condition;
    #define G4CONDITION_INITIALIZER 1
    #define G4CONDITIONWAIT( cond, mutex ) { (*cond)++; }
    #define G4CONDITIONWAITLAMBDA( cond, mutex, lambda ) { (*cond)++; }
    #define G4CONDITIONBROADCAST( cond ) { (*cond)++; }

#endif //G4MULTITHREADING

namespace G4Threading
{
    enum
    {
        SEQUENTIAL_ID = -2,
        MASTER_ID = -1,
        WORKER_ID = 0,
        GENERICTHREAD_ID = -1000
    };

    G4Pid_t G4GetPidId();
    G4int G4GetNumberOfCores();
    G4int G4GetThreadId();
    G4bool IsWorkerThread();
    G4bool IsMasterThread();
    void G4SetThreadId( G4int aNewValue );
    G4bool G4SetPinAffinity( G4int idx , G4NativeThread& at);
    void SetMultithreadedApplication(G4bool value);
    G4bool IsMultithreadedApplication();
    int WorkerThreadLeavesPool();
    int WorkerThreadJoinsPool();
    G4int GetNumberOfRunningWorkerThreads();
}

#endif //G4Threading_hh